Parween Abdulsamad Ismail, Hazhar M. Balaky, Haroon Muhammad Khalil and Akam Jasim Mustafa
Background: Prostate Cancer (PCa) is one of the most common tumors to be diagnosed globally. It is still up for debate in PCa despite mounting data linking obesity and adipokines, particularly leptin and its receptors, with the onset and progression of cancer. Although there is a connection between obesity and prostate cancer, the exact cause is yet unknown. Several epidemiological studies have linked vitamin D risk and PC result.
Aims: Through a prospective case-control study, we set out to determine the role of adipokines as potential biomarkers for the risk of PCa development and aggressiveness as well as the relationship between low serum vitamin D levels and the incidence of prostate cancer.
Material and methods: The study was conducted with a total of 95 men aged between 38 years and 69 years between 2020-2021.The study divided into two groups: I- prostate cancer (n=55) and II healthy (n=40). Serum leptin, adiponectin, and Vitamin D were assessed by ELISA. Results: Prostate cancer patients had significantly lower levels of adiponectin (2.05 ng/mL ± 0.22 ng/mL; P<0.0001) than did controls (10.62 ng/mL ± 1.55 ng/mL). Corresponding to this, vitamin D levels were substantially lower in the patients group (14.98 ng/mL ± 3.08 ng/mL) than in the control group (24.49 ng/mL ± 2.53 ng/mL) (P=0.0018). However, when compared to controls (21.23 pg/mL ± 4.63 pg/mL), the leptin level in patients with prostate cancer was significantly greater (53.84 pg/mL ± 14.31 pg/mL).
Conclusion: Our findings showed that vitamin D levels were considerably lower in prostate cancer patients. Both the level of leptin and adiponectin may be useful PCa markers with clinical value